An analysis of the main reasons for the continued spread...

An analysis of the main reasons for the continued spread of HIV HIV, a virus only discovered in the late 1970s, has now become the most lethal virus around the world (UNAIDS, 2008). Scientifically HIV is a kind of virus which can destroy human’s immune system. Then, without defense of the body, other virus can easily infect body and ultimately results in death (WHO, 2013). Till the end of 2012, 35.3 millions of people live with HIV (WHO, 2013) and large quantities of family members suffer from the pain. Yet such a lethal disease only has three simple transmissions, through unprotected sex, blood, and maternal-neonatal pregnancy. However, the high mortality rate suggests that there is an urgent need to investigate deeper causes of HIV†¦show more content†¦For instance, in Botswana (Africa), men have dominant position in sex and condoms are seven times less likely to be used (UNAIDS, 2008). Research also found that men trend to be aggressive and sexual dominant, putting women in such a vulnerable situation in sexual relationships, e ven in rape and violate. (ICRW, 2007; WHO, 2007; UNAIDS, 2008). 40%-60%of women in Bangladesh and Thailand claimed to have sex abuse by spouses (Garcia-Moreno et al., 2005; UNAIDS, 2008). Moreover nearly 31% of countries do not have gender equity law to protect women rights (UNAIDS 2008).Those severe inequity may be a result of preference of boys’ ideology. In poor districts family income is only paid on boys’ education whereas girls are supposed to support family (UNDP, 2007).Without basic knowledge, HIV protection is difficult to be obtained by girls, not mention the proper right defense. All these inequities between men and women lead to vulnerability of women in HIV positive situation. It is also noticeable that addiction to drugs is a global burden and causes large number of HIV-positive individual, especially among adolescent’s transmission. Statistics shows that new trend for drug market has been focused on teenagers rather than adults (Nossal Institute, 2010). According to Mazibuko (2000), drug abuse at the age of 10-24 accounted for 60 percent of HIV new infectors. Reasons for using drugs vary differently. Chase for excitement, avoidance from pressure, andShow MoreRelatedBurroughs Wellcome Case Analysis Essay1126 Words   |  5 PagesClarissa Kowalczyk April 3 2012 MAR 499 Case Analysis Burroughs Wellcome Company: Retrovir Summary and Recommendation: As I have read the case it was presented that in January of 1990, Burroughs Wellcome executives were under continued pressure to reduce the price of Retrovir, a drug which had been found to be effective in the treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrom (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). After careful review of the data and the case I have come up with theRead More African Americans, HIV and AIDA Essay2302 Words   |  10 Pagesinfected with AIDS and 40,000-80,000 new infections with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) each year. There are few people who do not know someone who has died of AIDS, and it is estimated that, early in the new millennium, some forty million people worldwide will be infected with HIV, and ten million of them will develop AIDS. Research and statistics reveals that individual behavior is the strongest determinant of HIV and AIDS risk. This high-risk behavior place them in danger and is passed on to othersRead MoreHealth Disparities Of Botswana And The United States1876 Words   |  8 Pagesreproductive health has caused issues with women and their health. The main issue that was found was the prevalence in of STI’s, especially HIV. It is continuing to increase in the number of people infected. The purpose of the paper is to explore some reasons why the issues are continuing to arise and also suggestions on how to combat them. Through research it was found that many social aspects could be correlated to the overall reason of not being sexually healthy. This paper will start wit h giving generalRead MoreObjectives Of The Millennium Development Goals1478 Words   |  6 Pagesenvironmental sustainability. The eight goals are focus on different section the eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, achieve universal primary education, promote gender equality and empower women, reduce child mortality, improve maternal health, combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases, ensure environmental sustainability, and develop a global partnership for development. The aim of this essay is critical discuss the design and the progress of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of each goalsRead MoreHiv/Aids Pandemic in Liberia5712 Words   |  23 PagesBusiness College Stella Maris Polytechnic St. Joseph Campus, Capitol Hill, Monrovia, Liberia Course Title: English 201: Sophomore English I Topic: HIV/AIDS PANDEMIC: â€Å"Its Social Ramifications and Impacts on the Liberian Society† Thesis: Perhaps the most life-threatening, incurable but preventive disease to the human race is the HIV/AIDS Pandemic, and the awareness and understanding of its social ramifications and impacts on the Liberian society is paramount. Prepared by: JohnsonRead MoreAmebicides, Antibiotics and Antivirals (+definitions of well known diseases)6482 Words   |  26 Pagesof a chemical that the parasites produce to protect themselves once inside the red blood cells, this treatment results in the destruction of malaria thus curing the disease. Task 2 HIV Stages of development There are 3 stages in which HIV develops. Acute Infection: Within 2-4 weeks after infection with HIV, you can experience an acute illness, which is often described as severe flu. During this time of infection, large amounts of viruses are produced in your body. The virus uses CD4 cellsRead MoreTesting And Treatment Of Hiv 12811 Words   |  12 Pagesdemonstrated how resistances to certain HIV-1 anti-retrovirals are arising. As presented in the appendix, this specific section will evaluate the results from many randomized control trials (RCTs), case control studies, prospective cohort studies with and without controls, retrospective cohort studies with and without controls and cross-sectional studies. HIV-1 integrase inhibitors: HIV-1 integrase is one of the key enzymes required for the successful replication of HIV-1 and is often a common therapeuticRead MoreHiv/Aids Summary of Research Study8804 Words   |  36 PagesPROBLEM Introduction Infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) results in destruction of the body’s host defenses and immune system leading to the condition called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV-AIDS is one of the world’s greatest public health crises. For many years, because of lack of understanding and effective treatment, it is now considered a rapidly progressing fatal disease. HIV infection in humans is considered pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO)Read MoreManagement Accounting4264 Words   |  18 Pages 1. a) What is the rationale of founders of (product) Red? Their main reason for creating Product Red was to raise awareness and money for the Global Fund by teaming up with the world’s most iconic brands to products that would be sold. A percentage of each product sold would be donated to the Global Fund to help women and children affected by pandemics such HIV/AIDS and malaria. A basket of consumer goods were launched to this effect which included Product Red- American express card, vintageRead MoreThe Effects Of Religiosity And Culture On Adolescent Std Rates2944 Words   |  12 Pagesparasites; there are more than 20 types of STD’S. The germs that cause STD’s could be hidden in seamen, blood, and vaginal secretions and in some cases saliva (CDC). Transmission could be spread through vaginal sex, anal sex, and some with skin-to-skin contact. The most notable sexually transmitted diseases are HIV/AIDS, Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Chlamydia, Syphilis, Pelvic Inflammatory disease, Herpes, Gonorrhea, and Trichomaniais. Some of these diseases could be cured if caught early, but unfortunately

A Reflection On My Social Work - 1119 Words

Every worthwhile journey begins with one step. My social work journey began when I received my undergraduate degree from the University of Utah in 2003. I thought my next step would be to immediately pursue a graduate degree. In my undergraduate career I had taken numerous classes from the College of Social and Behavioral Science and had done well in those classes. In my Social Work as a Profession course I had an assignment to shadow a social worker and write a paper about my experience. I chose to shadow my father-in-law, a social worker with over 30 years of experience, and in my paper I expressed my desire to go into the social work field. I knew I liked helping people. I knew I liked problem solving and critical thinking. I thought my 22 year-old self was ready to embark on that journey, but I wasn’t. I realize now that what I lacked at graduation was one crucial step†¦ perspective. Over the past twelve years I have gained that much needed perspective and have taken many steps forward in my journey, and with those steps and that increased perspective, I now feel more fully prepared to begin my social work career. First, motherhood has provided me with perspective. I have learned to work together as a team with my husband as we raise our three children. I have learned patience and selflessness as I have put the needs of my children before my own. I know how to budget my time, multi-task, and organize my schedule efficiently. I have learned to set boundaries and enforceShow MoreRelatedCritical Aspects Of Social Work Essay1496 Words   |  6 Pagesof the key things that stood out for me while doing this course and before has made me realize that social work is harder than I thought it would be. There are many critical aspects of social work that help us work with clients. One of the biggest things that have stood out for me was that helping people is more complicated than I thought there are so many critical things in the process that work to help others. Therefore it is not as easy as I expected it would be. The main reasons that I wantedRead MoreThe Role Play That Took Place Within A Practic e Learning Lecture1617 Words   |  7 PagesI will be demonstrating critical reflection, integrating personal experience of the role play and using relevant literature. Alongside providing a critical evaluation of how learning and reflection relates to the PCF domains. I will be discussing my role as the Social worker, the Service user and as the Observer as well as discussing the knowledge I gained from undergoing this exercise. Reflective Practice within Social Work Reflection is crucial in social work as it enables us to think back atRead MoreEssay on importance of reflective practice1556 Words   |  7 Pageseffectiveness on the practitioners and one of the first people to research reflective Practice was Donald Schon in his book â€Å"The Reflective Practitioner† in 1983. Schon was an influential writer on reflection and had two main ways of identifying reflection and they were reflection in action and reflection on action. â€Å"The practitioner allows himself to experience surprise, puzzlement, or confusion in a situation which he finds uncertain or unique. He reflects on the phenomenon before him, and on theRead MoreSocial Work Reflection1338 Words   |  6 Pages What is self-reflection? According to Yip (2006), â€Å"social work students are encouraged to undergo self-reflection. It is a process of self-analysis, self-evaluation, self-dialogue, and self-observation. Under appropriate conditions, social workers’ self-reflection can be very constructive, resulting in self-enhancement. However, under inappropriate conditions, social workers’ self-reflection in reflective practice can be destructive and create problemsRead MoreCanadian Social Work Practice : A New Horizon Of Learning Essay1660 Words   |  7 PagesCanadian Social Work Practice: A New Horizon of Learning My clear and definite understanding of critical theories and postmodern thoughts provides me significant and appropriate frameworks to practice as a progressive social worker in Canadian context (Morley, 2003). My exploration of reflective practice and the fundamentals of critical self reflection approach enhanced my understanding of specific client situations. Moreover, my learning about anti-racist and anti-oppressive practice helpsRead MorePersonal Reflection On The Social Work Profession847 Words   |  4 PagesMy paper is a personal reflection on my understanding of the social work profession, as I get ready for my field placement. I will reflect on my evolving sense of professional identity, and will discuss my growth in terms of self-awareness. I will further deliberate about my knowledge of the Social Work profession. My current understanding of the profession, and activities, tasks and roles that I may undertake in a placement situation The Social Work profession in Ontario is a complete, accreditedRead More1. Introduction. Reflective Practice Is A Key Part Of Working1646 Words   |  7 Pagesensuring accountability (Tarrant, 2013). Tarrant also describes the importance of reflection for professional and personal values, and how and why a clinician does something, rather than just what is done. Development may even be hindered if reflection does not take place. The impact of reflection can be significant; as understanding increases so does the repertoire of ways to manage certain situations (Tarrant, 2013). Reflection may cause an SLT to conduct additional research around a particular case;Read MoreReflection1479 Words   |  6 PagesReflections Both simple and complex reflections were used. A simple reflection used towards the beginning of the interview transpired into, â€Å"pretty active out doing a lot of things.† Alternatively, a complex reflection used when reflecting on Sarah’s feelings about what her friends think about her not socializing subsisted of, â€Å"it bothers you thinking about them, wondering about your intentions.† I used twice as many complex reflections as simple reflections. Unfortunately, I should have usedRead MoreReflective Essay1432 Words   |  6 Pagespatients outcome. Reflection is an everyday process and is very personal matter. Jasper (2003) suggests that reflection is one of the key ways in which we can learn from our experiences. Reflective practice can be defined as process of making sense of events, situations and actions that occur in the workplace (Oelofsen, 2012). There are a different models of reflection. One of them is Johns (1994) model of reflection, this model is based on five cue questions: description, reflection, influencing factorsRead MoreSocial Care Reflection Paper1406 Words   |  6 Pagesschool programs is quite expensive, and my family relies on the help of family and friends instead. I personally enjoyed my time spent with my grandmother growing up, and I also enjoy the time I spend with my sister when I take care of her. I pick her up at least once a CRITICAL REFLECTION PAPER 4 week from school and watch her until one of my parents come home from work. As Titmuss states, we are interdependent

Advantages and disadvantages of living in a village free essay sample

†¢ A star topology is the most common type of topology. Used in homes and offices. This type of topology is where all of the computers and devices on the network connect to a central device, thus forming a star. The central device that provides a common connection point for nods and on the network is called a hub. †¢ On a star network, if one of the node fails. Only that node is affected. The other nods continue to operate normally if the hub fails, however, the entire network is inoperable until the hub is repaired. †¢ Advantages of the star topology are :: A star topology is very easy to manage because of its simplicity in functionality. The problem can be easily located logically in a star topology and therefore is easy to troubleshoot too. The star topology is simply in format so it is very easy to expand on a star topology. We will write a custom essay sample on Advantages and disadvantages of living in a village or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page †¢ Disadvantages of the star topology are :: The star topology is fully dependant on the hub and the entire working of the network depends on the hub or the switch. If there are many nodes and the cable is long then the network may slow down. Expensive as compared to other topologies. †¢ A star topology is best suited to be in small networks and work efficiently when there area limited number of nodes. And has to ensure that the hub or the central node is always working and extra security should be added to the hub at all times because it’s the heart of the network.

School Uniforms are Necessary in Todays Society free essay sample

Would you believe something as simple as a few items of clothing can save lives and prevent anxiety attacks? Well, school uniform can! I believe school uniforms are necessary in today’s society. They create a good image for the school; reduce bullying and discrimination due to student’s clothing choices and they take away the hassle of choosing an outfit in the morning. Firstly, school uniforms should be necessary in today’s society because the students are able to create a good image for the school. Through wearing a uniform, students can be recognized as a part of that school and while looking disciplined and organized they can also create a sense of community and togetherness throughout the school. This is important for a school community as staff members can keep track of students, pupils can look smart and professional and students can form a bond of unity just by enforcing the rule of appropriate uniform. We will write a custom essay sample on School Uniforms are Necessary in Todays Society or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For this reason, I believe school uniforms should be necessary in today’s society. Secondly, if everyone wears uniform, everyone will look similar, providing no reason for bullying amongst students due to lack of ‘trendy’ clothing. Some people believe school uniforms stop people from expressing individuality, but this remains untrue as there are other ways of expressing it. Light make up, hair styles and jewellery are just some of the ways students can express individuality whilst wearing school uniform. Bullying is a major problem at schools and discrimination amongst students due to lack of ‘trendy’ clothing is common among schools without regulation uniform. Some severe cases can even involve self harm and suicide as a result of this. These factors not only take away from school spirit and value but down grade the school as a whole. The minor requirement of mandatory uniform amongst schools creates a safer, more comfortable environment, which is why I believe, in today’s society, school uniforms should be compulsory. Lastly, making uniforms a necessity can result in less hassle in the mornings because of students being unsure of what to wear to school that day. In the society of today, adolescents become influenced be media and each other daily. Many become very stressed in the mornings about their outfits and whether their peers will approve of their clothing choices, leading to tears and anxiety attacks. The introduction of school uniforms in schools of which the students wear mufti is an easy way to deal with this problem, which is why I believe school uniforms should be mandatory. In conclusion, school uniforms are a definite necessity in today’s society, as the pros greatly outweigh the cons. Regulation uniform not only unites the school but decreases bullying, self harm and suicide due to lack of ‘trendy’ clothing and hence forth teasing because of it. Students that attend schools that support regulation uniform are not without their rights to express individuality as there are other ways to express it while wearing uniform. Uniforms have also been proven to lower pupil’s anxiety and self doubt about their personal clothing choices. If enforcing the rule of mandatory school uniform at schools can save lives and lower stress levels, then I say yes to the necessity of school uniforms.